To attack your system, to steal something or do something else nasty, the bad guys need to find a way in, and usually a way out as well. This is what Attack Surface Analysis is all about: mapping the ways in and out of your system, looking at the system from an attacker’s perspective, understanding what parts of the system are most vulnerable, where you need to focus testing and reviews. It’s part of design and it’s also part of risk management. Attack Surface Analysis is simple in concept. It’s like walking around your house, counting all of the doors and windows, and checking to see if they are open, or easy to force open. The fewer doors and windows you have, and the harder they are to open, the safer you are. The bigger a system’s attack surface, the bigger a security problem you have, and the more work that you have to put into your security program. For enterprise systems and web apps, the doors and windows include web URLs (every form, input field – including hidden fields, URL parameters and scripts), cookies, files and databases shared outside the app, open ports and sockets, external system calls and application APIs, admin user ids and functions. And any support backdoors into the app, if you allow that kind of thing. I’m not going to deal with minimizing the attack surface by turning off features or deleting code. It’s important to do this when you can of course, but most developers are paid to add new features and write more forms and other interfaces – to open up the Attack Surface. So it’s important to understand what this means in terms of security risk. Measuring the System’s Attack SurfaceMichael Howard at Microsoft and other researchers have developed a method for measuring the attack surface of an application, and to track changes to the attack surface over time, called the Relative Attack Surface Quotient (RSQ). Using this method you calculate an overall attack surface score for the system, and measure this score as changes are made to the system and to how it is deployed. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon built on this work to develop a formal way to calculate an Attack Surface Metric for large systems like SAP. They calculate the Attack Surface as the sum of all entry and exit points, channels (the different ways that clients or external systems connect to the system, including TCP/UDP ports, RPC end points, named pipes...) and untrusted data elements. Then they apply a damage potential/effort ratio to these Attack Surface elements to identify high-risk areas.
Read more: Building Real Software
QR:
Read more: Building Real Software
QR: